If God Does Not Exist, Then Everything Is Permitted

Many of us have wondered about the role of a Deity, in defining our moral code, and this has been a subject of discourse among scholars and philosophers since centuries. Many define morality as the innate ability of the human conscience to draw input for decisions which they believe is present there by itself. While some say that the (belief on the) presence of God gives them strength and inspiration to overcome their inability to follow moral standards (which are already defined) especially when they conflict with their self-interests. Although, some people argue that social stimulus imposes limits to one’s actions even if God does not exist. However, a person is at absolute liberty to perform, whatsoever one wants to in the non-existence†¦show more content†¦In order to define some (objective) moral principles the need of presence of an authoritative commander cannot be denied. One may regard something as immoral and refrain from doing it, but when the beast inside a human comes out, then acts of slavery, murder, rape, child abuse and genocide become history. In the absence of any transcendental limits there is nothing to stop one from behaving ruthlessly. Without God, one cannot be objectively moral because then one would have one’s own definition of morality. In the absence of objective moral values (that would be present only in the existence of God), one would always want to act in the way that would favor his self-interest and would not even hesitate to take one’s life just to give vent to his anger feelings. So having a belief in a particular deity and His revelation is actually what guides one’s thoughts and actions. Even though, the objective moral principles have been defined yet the human nature is unable to follow it and (a fear of) something is needed to enforce it. The reason is not that one does not realize its value and is skeptic of the credibility of its origin, but it is so because of the selfish and evil nature of human beings which makes one unable to make rational decision when one’s self-interest is at stake. This inability of human to carry out good has also been described in Bible, â€Å"For I know that good itself does not dwell in me, that is, in my sinful nature. For IShow MoreRelatedIf God Eoes Not Exist, Everything Is Permitted Essay1289 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"If God does not exist, everything is permitted.† by Fyodor Dostoyevsky is a popular phrase used by theists, theologians and conservatives when questioned about the connection between faith in God and morality. In other words it is claimed that without the belief in a supreme supernatural figure who maintains law and order in the whole of cosmos, a man cannot regulate himself as a socially and morally acceptable individual. This in fact presents a major logical fallacy since it is based on a beliefRead MoreViolence in the Eyes of God1156 Words   |  5 Pagessetting is nothing short of a duel between the â€Å"sense† and theâ€Å"nonsense†.Likewise, Dostoevsky’s claim, although adequately lamenting the fickle shades of the soul, does not represent the case for humanity because it challenges the years of experiences which have shaped it. Human nature is governed by the whip of social stimulus, and no God (or its fear) has a more potent effect than social censure and/or legitimization. Social factors are the biggest reason for almost all of our actions. We doRead MoreDoes God Exist?1366 Words   |  5 Pagesbetween Jesus and his disciples before Jesus was betrayed by Judas Iscariot. The main philosophical question that arose to me when I saw this painting was if God exists. Depicted in the painting there is a higher being or God watching over Jesus and his disciples. There are many arguments and ideas for the existence of a higher being or God, some of the main ones are; Pascal’s Wager, the Ontological argument, the Cosmological argument, the Teleological argument, the Moral argument, and the argumentRead MoreIs Faith a Good Basis of Knowledge in Religion?1328 Words   |  5 PagesFaith in the context of religion is being used to identify a token of confidence. It is important to understand that faith is the source of religion and therefore can exist without religion however religion can certainly not exist without faith . Religion has been seen as a meth od of rationalizing various cultural phenomena which characterize the human agency, the human way of acting, reasoning, and feeling. Despite the lack of knowledge on religion it still manages to influence moral values. ReligiousRead MoreControversy Between the Existence of God Essay example1451 Words   |  6 PagesIn â€Å"The Brothers Karamazov† by Fyodor Dostoevsky made a famous claim that establishes the link between the existence of God and morality. Apart from the controversy related to the scope of the quotation, the discussion on the proper translation and interpretation of the words of Ivan Karamazov. For instance, in his article â€Å"Dostoevsky did not say it† D.Cortesi claims that Dostoevsky did not make such claim (Cortesi 1). However, the research by Russian-speaking authors shows that the original textRead MoreReligion and Morality1263 Words   |  6 Pagesways of behaving. Aquinas believed that if God exists morality exists and that God made humans only his image, when we are good, we are reflecting God s image . He also believed that goodness on earth reflects on God s morally good perfection, so because God made us based on his image, when we are good we are reflecting on his perfect image. However Kant s view is the opposite to this, he believed that if morality exists God must exist and that the highest of good is perfection, althoughRead MoreThe Religion Of God And Muhammed960 Words   |  4 PagesMany people in the world believe in something some people believe in god some believes god does not exist at all. Many different religions exist in world My religion is Muslim. I believe in god and Muhammed because that is what my religion teaches. However, I cannot really say that I am practicing my religion truly. My religion requires me to pray for five times a day and I have never done that. In fact, I do not even know how to do that. I am not proud of saying that but this is what I am. I amRead MoreThe Doctrine Of Divine Command Theory Essay1665 Words   |  7 PagesTheory â€Å"If God does not exist, then everything is permitted,† in other words, if there turns out to be no God then nothing is morally wrong. Someone who would believe a statement such as this one would most likely be in agreement with the Divine Command Theory---the reason being that the main claim in this theory is, all that is morally right, is right because God commands it so. Therefore in order to believe in the Divine Command Theory, one would need to be a strong believer in God---and wouldRead MoreEssay on Sartre and the Meaning of Human Existence848 Words   |  4 Pagesmans existence. According to Sartre mans existence only takes on meaning through his actions. The Sartrian existentialist finds it extremely troubling that God does not exist because with Him vanishes all hope of finding values in an intelligible heaven. As Dostoevsky once said, If God did not exist, then everything would be permitted.(pg 22) Sartre claims this to be the existentialist starting point. This is the reason that Sartre talks about anguish, because one cannot find anything to dependRead MoreExistentialism Is a Humanism1700 Words   |  7 PagesExistential Atheists, which Sartre is included, man defines himself and not the creator that conceived him. RESPONSIBILITY An implication given in the lecture is how a being would be able to existence would come before its essence even if God does not exist. Sartre mentioned that there is no human nature because we define ourselves and not by any force that lives inside us. By Sartre saying that â€Å"in choosing for himself, he chooses for all men†, he means that when humans make decisions, it

The American Dream Of Homeownership - 956 Words

In the post years of the real estate crises, we saw slow but careful recovery progress. The homebuyers and sellers in the new market who either lived through the crises or watched the aftermath of the effects, learned valuable lessons and approaches to buying real estate. The years preceding the market melt down, homeownerships were painted as an American dream in a hyped fashion instead of a responsible investment. The demand for homeownership and immediate profit drove up prices in an unhealthy rate, and fueled a competition among buyers to use real estate as a vehicle to make quick money. That silently destroyed the American dream of homeownership. The competition spread to financial institutions to creatively fit unqualified borrowers into homes and finance over leveraged investors. The biggest debt an individual ever taken on their life time came with the least amount of information, if any. The entire real estate became a pure transaction number, from how much will the buyer able to sell the home they have yet to purchase to how much can real estate professionals make on the deal, to how quickly it can be closed. We saw an enormous amount of buyers not knowing what type of loan programs they just obtained and how it’ll play out throu gh the life of the loan. We heard buyers fascinated in how easy it is to obtain a mortgage loan and the expectation that no one should be denied. The other interesting component is the lack of qualified professional involved in theShow MoreRelatedThe American Dream Of Homeownership1031 Words   |  5 Pagesattorneys wrote to protect them. The American public only heard that their home was the largest investment and had never experienced, nor had their parents seen the value of their personal homes drop like they did in the past few years. They had never experienced the financial pain and although only a few years have passed, many have forgotten and are ready to jump right back into homeownership. Why would these Boomerang Buyers want to jump back into homeownership and at what cost would they â€Å"buy†Read MoreThe American Dream Of Homeownership1031 Words   |  5 Pagesattorneys wrote to protect them. The American public only heard that their home was the largest investment and had never experienced, nor had their parents seen the value of their personal homes drop like they did in the past few years. They had never experienced the financial pain and although only a few years have passed, many have forgotten and are ready to jump right back into homeownership. Why would these Boomerang Buyers want to jump back into homeownership and at what cost would they â€Å"buy†Read MoreHomeownership Is The American Dream And The U.s. Department Of Veteran Affairs1072 Words   |  5 PagesHomeownership is the American dream and the U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) makes it possible for veterans, and eligible spouses who serve finance the purchase of their own homes. With the help of the VA, banks and other mortgagees are able to provide favorable home loans with a comparable lower interest rate, as well as, VA home loans zero down in Ocala, Florida. These loans are flexible and can be used to purchase your own home or to repair, build, adapt or retain your personal propertyRead MoreHomeownership Of The United States1070 Words   |  5 PagesHomeownership in the U.S. hit 63.4 percent in the second quarter of 2015, the lowest rate since 1967. This has many people worried and multiple industries pitching theories, hoping to make sense of the decline. Does the blame lie with the stringent requirements following the housing market crash? Are people still weary of the financial responsibility in a still uncertain American economy? Or are some critics right, is homeownership culture changing, are Americans giving up on the America Dream? StrictlyRead MoreThe Importance Of The American Dream918 Words   |  4 Pagesthere are some individuals who want the American dream, such as non-Americans. Even though immigrants essentially founded the American dream as the thirteen colonies expanded, current bans preventing entry from certain countries and regulations attempting to deport others seem to rip that dream out of their grasp. Contrary to popular beliefs, the American dream is not the white picket fence vision we were taught in high school history. Instead, the American dream is the desire to live comfortably withinRead MoreArgumentative Essay On The American Dream882 Words   |  4 PagesIt seems that over the decades, the â€Å"American Dream† has changed along with the generations who follow it. After the â€Å"Great Recession†, the housing crisis which triggered a financial crisis, and millennials have changed their point of view about homeownership. This change created another definition for the â⠂¬Å"American Dream†, because more opt out to rent versus buy, and some don’t bother with houses at all and prefer to live in apartments. This is all due to rising student debt, risks associated withRead MoreMartin Luther Kings View On Equality764 Words   |  4 Pagesequal rights based on race.King’s dream had been pushed to side to recently ,a lot of people would disagree but there is still huge problem to this very day.According to a poll collected by Sam Roberts a New York Times writer â€Å"Fewer than one in three black Americans and not even half of whites say the United States has made â€Å"a lot† of progress toward achieving racial equality in the half-century since the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. declared he had â€Å"a dream† that one day freedom, justice andRead MoreThe American Dream859 Words   |  4 PagesThe concept of the ‘American Dream’ has changed dramatically over the past couple decades. Originally, the idea l American Dream consisted of marriage, children, a stable job with a high enough income to save and invest, and buying a house for the family. Subsequent of the Great Recession, buying a house is not as desirable or even feasible for the millennial generation. Millennials are interested in a different American Dream, focused on receiving an education and making enough money to pay the billsRead MoreForeclosure Crisis: A Time for Change1105 Words   |  5 Pageseconomic policies; the housing market was fed by the politicians instilling the thought that every person should be a homeowner. According to a speech by President William Clinton in 1995, he boasted about making homeownership a reality, â€Å"The goal of this strategy, to boost homeownership to 67.5 percent by the year 2000, which would take us to an all-time high†(Wooley). As a result of political ploys like this, banks and lending institutions came up with products such as the 107% financing, interestRead MoreThe American Dream: Freedom, Hard Work Guarantees Success and Less Racism868 Words   |  4 Pageswomen working in fields all day? Do families still have to witness an African American get up and move to the back of a bus for a Caucasian? No, that is not the case anymore. America is a better country now. In source E it says, â€Å"The chair in Washington sat had a sun, and the question was asked, is it rising or setting?† This quote questions whether or not America is falling apart or getting better. The American Dream is an ideal that has changed over time and is achievable because of freedom

Exploring Human Nature in The Epic of Gilgamesh and Samuel I

Examining the nature of humanity and the reason for being has always been a topic of interest that transcends time, gender, age and culture. All literature in existence examines human nature or human interaction or interpretation with non-human things. The one thing we can know for certain is that life is not eternal: we all die. Despite this, each of us have a predisposition to survive and we go to extreme lengths to do so, such as by acquiring mass amounts of power in which to rule over other humans, ensuring a ruler’s survival. We fear what we know is inevitable, so we use the threats of power, including that of ‘higher powers’, to frighten people into believing that they shall face a terrible consequence if they threaten the survival†¦show more content†¦The epic concludes with Enkidu’s death and Gilgamesh flatly accepting the fact that he has lost immortality, and thus eternal power, demonstrating that the Gods are the ultimate source of power and mortals should not attempt to attain such power. The same message is found across the Christian Bible: humankind cannot rule itself. With particular focus on Samuel 1, this essay addresses the correlation between the two literary workings and their connection with human desire to conquer all. Samuel 1 begins with an infertile woman, Hannah, who prays to God to send her a child. Because she is a follower of God and his rules, he gives her the ability to birth a child. It is believed that the Christian God rewards his followers but punishes and destroys those against him. Hannah gives birth to a boy, Samuel, and promises to raise him in subservience to God. She sends him to live at the temple with Eli, a priest, and his sons. Samuel grows to be a follower of God, but Eli’s sons become corrupt. At the time, being a religious leader brought power, fame and wealth. Eli was aware of the corruption within his sons, yet he refused to acknowledge it much as it may have interfered with his position of power. Not wanting to jeprodize his position of power, Eli did not intervene and God saw this as a lack of fear and respect, creating a

Essay on Afghanistan- A Country in Distress - 894 Words

Afghanistan- A Country in Distress Afghanistan, a country located in South Asia just east of Iran whose population is 28,513,677, is one of the countries that I chose to address. Their government is under Transitional Authority which is in a state of unrest as national elections would formally dissolve this system and adapt or establish the Government of Afghanistan under a new constitution. The country like others in the Middle East suffers from enormous poverty and a few other problems to include the lack of skilled and educated workers, which also has such a grave effect on most other countries. The lack of is more than likely what lies beneath the country’s poverty. If people aren’t educated or don’t have the knowledge to perform†¦show more content†¦The agricultural workforce is made up of 80% of the country’s people while the other 20 percent works in services and industry. Even though unemployment doesn’t exist, the country is still poor but hopes to see some signific ant progress and changes to offset the housing shortages, the lack of clean water, infrastructure reconstruction, jobs, education, and economic reform. One third of the GDP comes from opium trade which fell to a low with the past drought but the replacement is well under way. The GDP rate is 29% but appears to be such a high amount because of past figures resulting from the drought and the impact of international assistance. The country exports opium, fruits and nuts, hand-woven carpets, wool, cotton, hides and pelts, precious and semi-precious gems and equals to about $98 million not counting the illicit trade of opium. The country’s import totals to around $1.1 billion which clearly shows that they spend more than they actually out. The imports are essentials and couldn’t be eliminated or substituted as they are capital goods, food, textiles, and petroleum products. The country is currently in a great state of deficit as their debt totals to â€Å"$8 billion in bilateral debt, mostly to Russia and $500 million in debt to MultilateralShow MoreRelatedWomen And Children By Rosenberg Presents Us Imperialism And The Roles849 Words   |  4 Pagesparticularly in Afghanistan. I will be discussing how this imperialism affects gender in other countries and the differnces between â€Å"rescuing women and children† and cross-culture solidarity. Rosenberg starts her essay by explained the response from the First Lady nine weeks after the attack on the world trade center. The problem shifts from the distress faced at home to overseas distress instead. The response seemed at the surface to be a cry to help the women and children oppressed in Afghanistan. RosenbergRead MoreThe Displacement Of Persons1330 Words   |  6 Pages(â€Å"UNHCR† 2014). Among this estimation 2.59 million, or a little over 13% of the refugees in the world are from Afghanistan (â€Å"UNHCR† 2014). Afghanistan is entering into its fourth decade of war, beginning with the 1979 Afghan-Soviet war to recent violence involving Al-Qaida and U.S. military forces. During this time period, the U.S. has resettled thousands of refugees around the country, providing them with housing, temporary cash assistance and support. One of the major issues in resettlingRead MoreEssay on The current war in Afghanistan and why it must end1260 Words   |  6 Pageslast 213 years. Yet, of these engagements, no war has lasted longer than the current war in Afghanistan. The length of this commitment has not matched the results. Conventional American forces must be withdrawn from Afghanistan because they are only exacerbating the problem, and the fight with the Taliban isnt going anywhere. 1,848 servicemen and women have sacrificed their lives for this country in Afghanistan; more than 2,300 have been injured. Over 90,000 US military personnel are still on the groundRead MoreEssay The Effects of War and Peace on Foreign Aid986 Words   |  4 Pagesbecome difficult to justify its effectiveness. But if we look at the overall picture in the eye of citizens of a developing country, an honest assessment might conclude that progress has been made. Though, profound social disparities and extreme poverty are still lurking in some parts of this fragile planet. Foreign aid is the transfer of capital, goods, or services from one country to another. And aid can be given in numerous forms - from humanitarian emergency assistance, to food aid, military assistanceRead MorePsychiatric Disorders in The Kite Runner1408 Words   |  6 PagesThe conditions in Afghanistan created upon the Russian invasion caused much pain and suffering to the citizens of the country. In Khaled Hosseini’s â€Å"The Kite Runner,† the consequences of this invasion created a harsh environment for the children and adults of Afghanistan. This environment created the development of mental disorders in Amir, Assef, and Sohrab throughout the novel. By examining the mental disorders such as Narcissistic disorder in Assef, the antisocial disorder in Amir and the adjustmentRead MoreEssay Women’s Rights Violations in Afghanistan1420 Words   |  6 Pagesheld captive. This is very common for the women in Afghanistan to experience. The Taliban uses the Islamic Koran book as their way of doing things. The Islamic Koran is a sacred book seen as almost like a bible. The Taliban interprets what they get out of this book into their way of life. However their interpretation of it is more of a punishing form for the women. The official name of Afghanistan is the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. Afghanistan is known for its great quantity of natural resourcesRead MoreThe Deployment Of A Family Member1748 Words   |  7 PagesMany military families in the United States are experiencing multiple deployments as our country continues to send more troops to Iraq and Afghanistan, and the effects on their families are becoming more severe. The deployment of a family member can definitely be a difficult time for loved ones. Currently, families are experiencing the affects of the deployment cycle and it is putting many people under a lot of emotional stress. More than 1.2 billion families have an active-duty parent or spouseRead MoreAnalysis Of Khaled Hosseini s A Thousand Splendid Suns 1657 Words   |  7 Pagesknow that there is more to the Middle East than terrorism. Khaled Hosseini demonstrates his understanding of Afghanistan through Mariam’s and Laila’s lives in A Thousand Splendid Suns. Hosseini begins their tale during the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan in the 1970’s and ties it off during the post-Taliban reconstruction of the early 2000’s. Hosseini himself was born in Kabul, Afghanistan and is a U.S. envoy to the United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR). Marjane Satrapi demonstrates her understandingRead MoreInternational Terrorism And Domestic Terrorism Essay1467 Words   |  6 PagesTerrorism is all over the current headlines, but some of the very worst attacks happened 15 years ago in the United States; this occurrence brought around many changes of policies inside the U.S. but also policies in the U.S. regarding other foreign countries. It brings fear and terror to many of its victims and is an extremely dangerous national threat. There are mainly two kinds of terrorism that people can be affected by: International terrorism and domestic terrorism. Both of these can be described

Grade Privilege Free Essays

School deal with because the school bans the student for using their cell phones in class. My friend, Tucker, got faced with getting placed in SIS for using his phone in class. I believe that the 8th grade students should be able to use their phones in class. We will write a custom essay sample on Grade Privilege or any similar topic only for you Order Now To begin with, the phones provided as a great tool for the students to use in the class room. The students were as cheerful about using their phones as much as owing on a field trip. You can also download educational APS for school. For Instance, there’s an app that tells you what you’re looking at In the sky at night with Just a push of a button and it calculates all the objects in the sky at real-time including moon phase, planets position, and stars position. It takes the class to places we’ll never be. Last week, I asked my Science teacher â€Å"l wonder what the moon looks like up close? † Next thing you know, BOOM there we are right where Neil Armstrong was when he kook the first step on the moon In mankind. What about the internet access instead of going to the computer lab and wasting up class time, It saves more time for class and learning. Also. For the slow note takers you can use a recording device. Or you can use the camera on your phone to take a picture of the smart board instead of writing the notes down. You also have to remember about the parents and what they think about this. The Chicago Tribune had an article on August 8, 2012 called â€Å"Are cell phone a must for middle school kids? The parents of an 11 year-old girl said that â€Å"Now she can check her phone between classes If we have to communicate with her. † The top reason parents are buying their pre-teens a cell phone was safety, according to the National Consumer League survey. A Pew study noted that 48 percent of parents use the phone to know where their child’s location. If in danger, children can reach the authorities or medical provider. In a push of a button, parents can easily reach kids for reason like ask questions, change plans, or to slimly say hello. My good bud, goes to a school where you can use your phone, he said that it was easy to communicate with his parents when he needed to know how he was going to get home In the afternoon, if he forgot something from home like homework, or even when he’s sick. Not to mention, but phones are definitely cheaper than textbook. Not only does it help the students stay organized but it saves the school a lot of money. If I could use a phone I wouldn’t have to worry about losing things because the phone would keep me organized. Another convinces is that phone are lightweight and fit right in your pocket. A survey says that a middle school would save more than $10,000 each year for the first 5 years, It’s Like money growing on trees, when they allowed students look up things and use for educational reasons from the cell phone instead from the textbook. Also the phones have more updated information. Students can forgot about bringing their textbooks, so instead of getting in trouble for not bringing your textbook you wouldn’t have to worry about it. Just last week, I got a signature because I forgot to bring my textbook into Science class, If I could have used my cell phone I and it would be fast and easy. You have to remember that we are the eighth graders! We are the seniors of the school! We want to have some more privileges before we head out to high school. By allowing us to use our phones it would be a win-win situation for not only us students but also the school by saving money to pay for better things like letting the football teams have their own home games at Mossy Creek. Or have for clubs to help the community. How to cite Grade Privilege, Papers

Project Portfolio and Program Management-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Sustainability in Project Portfolio and Program Management. Answer: Introduction Westpac Corporation Banking that is located in Sydney Australia with branches in different countries such as New Zealand, Australia, and the Pacific. Some of the projects proposed within the project portfolio include digitization of the banking services, ad-hoc reporting, data security, compliance to the recent regulations, infrastructure development. In addition, the project seeks to incorporate sustainability as key aspect global goal of UN. At the first stage of the project portfolio management which was planning, there are some aspects of the project that were introduced mostly in the sustainability per view. Upon the implementation of the project various company staffs also are involved and hence express their perspective on the benefits, effects, and outcomes of the project. Some key aspects of the project that are revealed in this report are situation analysis, project evaluation, portfolio management, corporate culture and possible outcome of the project. Various analysis of the project is, therefore, necessary to review some other benefits that can be realized. The following report documents findings that will be presented to executive management giving the project portfolio management review. Framework Situational Context Westpac Corporation Banking (WCP) investing in Project Portfolio Management project is a good idea as most organization currently working on the model as the right business project. Some of the reasons supporting the choice of project portfolio management (PPM) are a minimal risk on the overall performance of the organization, maximized resource, prove the value to stakeholders and enable repeatable success. With the call from UN that organizations need to implement sustainability projects that expresses the corporate social responsibility and environmental concerns. In addition, the project works to transforms the organization on service delivery with digitalization (Schrodt, 2002). The project also benefits general public due to climatic mitigation project that forms part of sustainable development as this solemnly helps the community. Optimism of the project portfolio management Secondly, the WCP is optimizing its capacity since one of the main objectives of the company is to invest in a sustainable development project and incorporating sustainability in project portfolio management proved optimism. (Mesly, 2017). Project portfolio management execution Thirdly, the organization is executing the project since some reasonable amount of money has been dedicated to the project. The company has already set a huge amount of funds in executing the project and this is evident by $10billion and $25billion that the company has devoted towards implementation of the environmental project being a critical aspect of sustainability. Project absorption Fourthly, the organization can absorb all the changes though slowly since the implementation follows steps that involve staff training. In addition, Stakeholder Advisory Council works to ensures that the company stakeholders are involved in the implementation of the project hence they absorb the project (Zhang, 2009). Benefit realization Finally, it is worth noting that the company is realizing the promised benefits. The company had convinced the stakeholders on the benefits of portfolio project management and some of the initial benefits of the project are the implementation of sustainable practices (Ravasi Schultz, 2006). Portfolio Evaluation The method the organization uses to evaluate portfolio is convention and risk-adjusted method. The portfolio evaluation within the company takes two directions that can be divided into conventional and risk adjusted method. Conventional portfolio evaluation method is the evaluation method that takes into account the performance of portfolio according to set standards. Risk-adjusted evaluation method evaluates the risk and risk mitigation to ensure that the project is managed. Justification of project evaluation Secondly, the justification of using the portfolio evaluation methods lies in the ability of the method to evaluate both general performance and risk (Goergen, 2012). This gives the overall goal of the evaluation that is needed both major stakeholders and management. Thirdly, the challenge that the organization is likely to face in the course of using this method can be coordination between management and project managers in case of evaluation. Incorporation of management cycle into the project Incorporating management cycle in evaluation process has the benefit of accountability since the investors need to know the progress of project portfolio. The management needs to take part in managing the project, especially through project managers (Ross, Ellipse Freeman, 2004). Meeting desired objective The evaluation process assists the management to meet the desired objective or goals of the project since it ensures that the project is implemented in the right manner. Moreover, the evaluation process gives the accountability aspect of the project to management and company owners that need the full responsibility of project managers (Rajegopal McGuin, 2007). Portfolio Management Project progress Portfolio management gives the progress and continuous update in the activities of the project. Project management is also important since it raises the need for assessing the project consistency with the preset objects or goals. Introduction of Project Management Office Project Management Office has been introduced into the organization (Hamilton, 2004). The Project Management Office does not play role in terms of standardizing practices and increasing project success rates since the project managers are still under training. Quantitative and qualitative skills Quantitative skills that are used in the portfolio management include collection and analysis of data that consist of financial (McNeil, Frey Embrechts, 2015). Qualitative skills on the other hand, take into account various reporting techniques used in portfolio management so as to deliver quality project in line with companys objectives. Moreover, the project managers need to first understand their primary role even before managing the project (EPMC Michael, et al 2009). Maturity Levels Level of maturity I believe the maturity level for the organization level 2, that is basics level. This project portfolio level that is characterized by planning with limited performance forecasting. Within this level also project interrelationship are reorganized into different managed projects. Moreover, at this level risk analysis is conducted and evaluation process also continues at this level. Improving maturity In order to improve the maturity level of the organization a model that can be adopted is OPM3. OPM3 provide the framework for the organization to understand PPM process, practice and predictability. The model focus on the training staffs in ways to strengthen project performance with the ability to predict the outcome. This enables all to be fully aware of the portfolio project hence are able to bring changes to where there are gaps. Implementation of changes In implementing changes, the project managers identify the gaps especially in the performance that need improvement. The model also enables the project management team set the target and the strategy to meet this target (Marquis Tilcsik, 2013). Corporate Culture Corporate culture for the company Corporate culture for the company is based on the beliefs of satisfying the customers financial needs and involving the local community through offering sustainable practices. When implementing the project while using the model, the corporate culture is most likely to change with the adoption of the project portfolio management. The initial corporate culture for the organization was mostly based on the areas of operation. As a monetary institution, most of the dealings were in financial transactions. As the company implements the sustainability criterion that is based on moral and ethical responsibility within the community, the company will need to diversify employees and resources to cover other areas of operation such as climate, environment and community involvement (Vincenti, 2016). The company intends to apply the PPM to all its offices within Australia and other countries. This, therefore, means that corporate culture in terms of management will affect internal stakeholders such as management and technology manager, human resource manager, project managers, accountants and public relation officers. As the company implements the project portfolio within the organization, the company will expand in terms of infrastructure, employees number, funds that are required to fully implement the project and good will to implement the project without resistance (O'Donovan, 2006). Stakeholders perspective Most stakeholders have individual perspective as that can be based on each stakeholder's profession. The amount of money allocated to an accountant to manage will influence the view of accountant and finance managers since there is a need for proper utilization and management of these funds. Human resource manager will have to reclassify job categories since project managers will have new training on project portfolio management. Projects managers are some important stakeholders that play important role in PPM and give continuous progress in the performance of the project portfolio performance. Public relation officers, on the other hand, connect the company with the public especially the implementation of sustainability (Keating, Quazi, Kriz Coltman, 2008). Stakeholders concerns Stakeholders have different concerns that will be raised in the course of implementation of PPM (Sanwal, 2007). Proper allocation of funds to the project is most likely to be the concern of accountant. While human resource managers are most likely to raise the concern of employees number required to fully implement the project. This is based on the fact that as the project begins the implementation stage the company will have to hire more employees since more work will be added to employees currently within the company payroll. Technology and asset managers also will express their concern about the capacity of the companys machines to digitalize all the required functions according to the portfolio (Kester, Griffin Hultink, 2011). Corporate culture that will support PPM The aspect of corporate culture that will support the project portfolio management changes the culture. The management both from the junior to senior management should accept change without resistance. On the sustainability, it is important to note that culture of change is particularly important for implementing the environmental sustainable strategy (Hofstede, 2001). Challenge of adopting project portfolio and sustainability The challenge that still stands in the way of adopting project portfolio and sustainability are resistance to change, lack of enough information and project implementation efficiencies. Firstly, most staffs within the organization especially the senior management often are resistant to change which in this case introduction of a new project (Paul et al, 2005). Implementation inefficiencies often cause slow decision-making that eventually retards the progress of the projects and if such care is not taken the project will fail (Lukomnik, 2016). Effects of the implementation of project portfolio management and outcomes From the staff perspective, various staffs have different view on the possible benefits of the project. (Hatemi El-Khatib, 2014). Some of the positive effects of the project are a minimal risk due to diversification brought by portfolios, improved decision making due to the reorganization of the department, improved customer service due to the introduction of digital services and improved public relation (Denney, 2005). The negative views specifically come from most internal stakeholders who feel the need to stop project implementation Conclusion In conclusion, project portfolio remains an important aspect of organization especially with the need to increase customer service delivery and community involvement. The key project portfolio management is the evaluation, portfolio management, and corporate culture. Maturity level clearly gives the characteristic of the organization and the most likely level of maturity within the organization is basic level 2. Another critical aspect of the project portfolio management is the situation analysis that gives the context and the situation of the project. 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